home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=90TT2516>
- <title>
- Sep. 24, 1990: A Fiscal Fairy Tale
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Sep. 24, 1990 Under The Gun
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 50
- A Fiscal Fairy Tale
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>As White House and congressional leaders slog their way toward
- a budget agreement, Bush wields the sequester threat
- </p>
- <p> Once upon a time, the nation's leaders tried to exorcise the
- deficit devil with a frightful fairy tale: if they couldn't
- find the wisdom and courage to reduce spending and raise
- revenue themselves, a crude wrecking ball would knock many
- billions from government programs. The threat of an
- indiscriminate "sequester" of funds, the story went, would be
- so politically devastating as to scare the government into
- facing its fiscal responsibilities. That fantasy, in the form
- of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act five years ago, projected a
- balanced budget by fiscal 1991, which begins Oct. 1. But the
- brutal fact is this: the nation will face a deficit of about
- $200 billion even if the cranky negotiations that dragged into
- the weekend produce a feasible deficit-reduction package.
- </p>
- <p> George Bush brandished the sequester threat in his address
- to Congress last week. The President's original plan was to use
- the occasion to unveil a bipartisan "50/500" deal, which would
- pare $50 billion from the 1991 deficit and $500 billion over
- five years. For a while, everything seemed to be on track.
- Budget Director Richard Darman and congressional leaders had
- made some progress in bargaining sessions that started Sept.
- 7. But the negotiations bogged down before the speech. So
- instead of making a triumphant announcement, Bush used his
- prime-time pulpit to sermonize: "Most Americans are sick and
- tired of endless battles in the Congress and between the
- branches over budget matters. It is high time we pull together
- and get the job done right."
- </p>
- <p> No one could argue with that, or with his insistence that
- the mix of spending cuts and tax hikes "must be fair; all
- should contribute." But when the President got to specifics,
- fairness became scarce. In the name of promoting economic
- growth, Bush renewed his support of six tax giveaways that
- would cost the Treasury an estimated $30 billion over five
- years. The most controversial of these would cut the maximum
- levy on capital gains from 33% to 15%. Meanwhile, he seemed to
- reject any increase in income taxes for high earners. Concerning
- reductions in domestic spending--the most politically
- explosive part of deficit control--Bush was mute.
- </p>
- <p> His firm rhetoric, fluently delivered after four rehearsals
- and some coaching from image maven Roger Ailes, radiated
- statesmanship. A compromise, he maintained, was needed not only
- for the country's economic health but also to permit the U.S.
- "to function effectively as a great power abroad"--a potent
- argument at a time when 100,000 U.S. soldiers are in harm's way
- in Saudi Arabia. If the negotiations stopped, Bush said, he
- would demand a decisive vote by Sept. 28 on a comprehensive
- Administration package. If that failed, he warned, the
- Gramm-Rudman sequester would ravage public services.
- </p>
- <p> It was the political equivalent of the old hidden-ball
- trick, in which a first baseman conceals the ball, waits for
- an unsuspecting runner to step off the bag and tags him. In
- this case, Bush (who played first base for Yale) would try to
- catch the Democratic-controlled Congress off base and tag it
- with the onus of causing a breakdown. Republicans would then
- have a good issue with which to bash their opponents in
- November's congressional elections. As one of Bush's senior
- advisers observed, "When it comes to the blame game, the
- President has the loudest voice." Last week's TIME/CNN poll
- indicates that Bush is well placed to push that strategy: not
- only does he enjoy a 71% job approval rating, but the Democrats
- are being blamed by far more voters (42%) than the
- Administration (29%) for stalling a budget agreement.
- </p>
- <p> However deft the President's tactics may be politically,
- they did not seem to help the negotiations. Instead, Bush's
- high-handedness had a polarizing effect. That was discouraging
- considering the progress that had been made. Despite G.O.P.
- reservations, the level of Pentagon spending was being pared
- down. Despite Democratic qualms, significant savings on
- entitlements such as Medicare were gathering a consensus. And
- despite everyone's abhorrence of taxes, there was agreement that
- substantial new revenue is necessary.
- </p>
- <p> But who should pay what taxes remained the toughest
- question. The Democrats might live with the capital-gains cut
- if it was offset by an increase in income tax rates for the
- wealthiest families. But the Republicans were digging in
- against that, offering a variety of other levies instead. The
- who-pays issue was complicated by the fact that the Democrats
- also had their eyes on the elections. As House Majority leader
- Dick Gephardt put it in his reply to the President's speech,
- "We will never abandon the cause of working families. They
- benefited the least from the decade of the '80s. They should not
- have to sacrifice the most in the decade of the '90s." Such
- concerns were heightened by a Congressional Joint Tax Committee
- analysis indicating that the Republican plan would increase net
- income for those earning more than $50,000 a year while
- decreasing it for the less affluent. When Democrats leaked this
- reading, Republicans cried foul, accurately charging that the
- Democrats sought political points.
- </p>
- <p> If all parties concerned would simply close ranks and
- present the electorate with the harsh truth about necessary
- sacrifices, presumably few incumbents would be drowned for
- their efforts. The pols, though, seem unable to believe for
- very long in the life jacket of bipartisan action. But amid all
- the maneuvering around the budget, a couple of realities cannot
- be evaded: 1) even the best package now obtainable would be
- only a first step toward a tolerable deficit trend, and 2) in
- any event, the Gramm-Rudman timetable will have to be amended
- once again, pushing the goal of balanced budget even further
- into never-never land.
- </p>
- <p>By Laurence I. Barrett. Reported by Michael Duffy and Nancy
- Traver/ Washington.
- </p>
- <p>DEFICIT POLL
- </p>
- <p>If the Bush Administration and Congress reach agreement on
- a deficit plan, do you expect:
- <table>
- <row><cell type=a>A meaningful accord<cell type=i>16%
- <row><cell>One that avoids the real issue<cell>70%
- </table>
- </p>
- <p>Will your Congressman's budget vote effect your choice in
- the November election?
- <table>
- <row><cell type=a>Yes<cell type=i>75%
- <row><cell>No<cell>14%
- </table>
- </p>
- <p>Do you think the budget deficit really does matter?
- <table>
- <row><cell type=a>Yes<cell type=i>66%
- <row><cell>No<cell>30%
- </table>
- </p>
- <p>Who is more to blame for the difficulty in reaching an
- agreement?
- <table>
- <row><cell type=a>Bush Administration<cell type=i>29%
- <row><cell>Democrats in Congress<cell>42%
- </table>
- </p>
- <p>[From a telephone poll of 500 adult Americans taken for TIME/CNN
- on Sept. 13 by Yankelovich Clancy Shulman. Sampling error is
- plus or minus 4.5%.]
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-
-
-